Fuzhou (抚州)

1. Introduction

Fuzhou City, abbreviated as Fu, historically known as Linchuan, is a National Historical and Cultural City of China and a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is located in the eastern part of Jiangxi Province. The city borders Yingtan City, Shangrao City, and Nanchang City to the north, Yichun City and Ji'an City to the west, Ganzhou City to the south, and Sanming City and Nanping City of Fujian Province to the east. Situated on the western foothills of the Wuyi Mountains, it is surrounded by mountains on the south, east, and west, with higher terrain in the southeast and lower terrain in the northwest. The southern part is dominated by the Yushan Mountains, the central area consists of hills and river valley basins, and the northern part lies on the southern edge of the Poyang Lake Plain. The Fu River flows from south to north through the entire territory, converging with the Litan River, Yihe River, Chongren River, and others before flowing into Poyang Lake. The municipal People's Government is located on Gandong Avenue in Linchuan District.

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2. Historical Evolution

During the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Jiujiang Commandery. In the Han Dynasty, Jiujiang Commandery was renamed Yuzhang Commandery. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu of Han (202 BCE), Nancheng County was established. In the eighth year of the Yongyuan era of the Eastern Han Dynasty (96 CE), Linru County was separated from Nancheng, with its county seat located in present-day Fuzhou City, under the jurisdiction of Yuzhang Commandery. In the second year of the Taiping era of the Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period (257 CE), Linchuan Commandery was established, with its seat in Linru County. This administrative structure continued through the Western Jin, Eastern Jin, and Southern Dynasties. In the ninth year of the Kaihuang era of the Sui Dynasty (589 CE), the commandery was abolished, and Fuzhou was established with the meaning of "pacification," thus fixing the name Fuzhou.

During the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Jiangnan West Circuit. In the Song Dynasty, it was divided into Fuzhou and Jianchang Army, both under the jurisdiction of Jiangnan West Circuit. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed Fuzhou Route and Jianchang Route, with Nanfeng Zhou additionally established, all under the Jiangxi Branch Secretariat. In the twenty-third year of the Zhizheng era (1363 CE), Zhu Yuanzhang changed Fuzhou Route to Linchuan Prefecture, which was soon renamed Fuzhou Prefecture. In the early Hongwu era of the Ming Dynasty, Fuzhou Prefecture and Jianchang Prefecture were still established, while Nanfeng Zhou was downgraded to Nanfeng County under Jianchang Prefecture, both belonging to the Hedong Circuit of the Jiangxi Provincial Administration Commission. In the Qing Dynasty, it was still called Fuzhou Prefecture and Jianchang Prefecture, under the Nanfu Jian Circuit.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the province was divided into four circuits governing 81 counties. The counties within the original Fuzhou Prefecture and Jianchang Prefecture were placed under the Yuzhang Circuit. In the 15th year of the Republic of China (1916), the circuit system was abolished, and the counties were directly subordinate to the provincial government. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), when the province was divided into 13 administrative districts, the counties of the original Fuzhou and Jianchang prefectures were assigned to the 5th, 7th, 8th, and 11th administrative districts.

On July 1, 1949, the Fuzhou Subdistrict was established, with the Administrative Inspectorate located in Linchuan City (now Linchuan District of Fuzhou City). On September 14, 1950, the Fuzhou Subdistrict was renamed the Fuzhou District. On July 6, 1951, it was renamed the Fuzhou Special District. On January 22, 1971, it was changed to the Fuzhou Prefecture.

In October 2000, the Fuzhou Prefecture was abolished, and the prefecture-level Fuzhou City was established. The former county-level Linchuan City was changed to Linchuan District of Fuzhou City.

3. Geography

The overall topography of the region is summarized as "seven parts mountains, half part water, two parts farmland, and half part roads and manors."

Average Meteorological Data for Dongxiang District, Fuzhou City (1981-2010)

| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year | |------|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|------|------|------|------| | Average high °C (°F) | 9.6 (49.3) | 12.0 (53.6) | 16.1 (61.0) | 22.5 (72.5) | 27.4 (81.3) | 30.1 (86.2) | 34.1 (93.4) | 33.4 (92.1) | 29.5 (85.1) | 24.4 (75.9) | 18.5 (65.3) | 12.7 (54.9) | 22.5 (72.6) | | Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.6 (42.1) | 8.0 (46.4) | 11.8 (53.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 22.9 (73.2) | 26.0 (78.8) | 29.6 (85.3) | 28.8 (83.8) | 25.0 (77.0) | 19.5 (67.1) | 13.5 (56.3) | 7.6 (45.7) | 18.0 (64.4) | | Average low °C (°F) | 2.7 (36.9) | 5.0 (41.0) | 8.6 (47.5) | 14.5 (58.1) | 19.3 (66.7) | 22.7 (72.9) | 25.8 (78.4) | 25.3 (77.5) | 21.6 (70.9) | 15.9 (60.6) | 9.8 (49.6) | 4.0 (39.2) | 14.6 (58.3) | | Average precipitation mm (inches) | 87.9 (3.46) | 119.1 (4.69) | 204.6 (8.06) | 249.0 (9.80) | 238.4 (9.39) | 333.0 (13.11) | 154.9 (6.10) | 133.9 (5.27) | 79.3 (3.12) | 55.1 (2.17) | 80.1 (3.15) | 55.9 (2.20) | 1,791.2 (70.52) | | Average relative humidity (%) | 82 | 81 | 82 | 81 | 79 | 81 | 73 | 77 | 79 | 77 | 78 | 77 | 79 |

4. Administrative Divisions

Fuzhou City currently administers 2 municipal districts and 9 counties.

• Municipal Districts: Linchuan District, Dongxiang District
• Counties: Nancheng County, Lichuan County, Nanfeng County, Chongren County, Le'an County, Yihuang County, Jinxi County, Zixi County, Guangchang County

Fuzhou High-Tech Industrial Development Zone (formerly Jinchao Economic Development Zone) is a national-level high-tech industrial development zone established by Fuzhou City. Donglin New Area is a county-level dispatched agency established by the Fuzhou Municipal Government.

| Division Code | Division Name | Chinese Pinyin | Area (km²) | Resident Population (2020 Census) | Government Seat | Postal Code | Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Of Which: Ethnic Townships | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 361000 | Fuzhou City | Fǔzhōu Shì | 18,798.43 | 3,614,866 | Linchuan District | 344000 | 8 | 95 | 58 | 1 | | 361002 | Linchuan District | Línchuān Qū | 2,125.49 | 1,102,421 | Qingyun Subdistrict | 344000 | 7 | 19 | 8 | | | 361003 | Dongxiang District | Dōngxiāng Qū | 1,267.52 | 383,846 | Xiaogang Town | 331800 | 1 | 9 | 4 | | | 361021 | Nancheng County | Nánchéng Xiàn | 1,712.47 | 286,260 | Jianchang Town | 344700 | | 10 | 2 | | | 361022 | Lichuan County | Líchuān Xiàn | 1,709.34 | 205,205 | Rifeng Town | 344600 | | 7 | 8 | | | 361023 | Nanfeng County | Nánfēng Xiàn | 1,912.78 | 271,888 | Qincheng Town | 344500 | | 7 | 5 | | | 361024 | Chongren County | Chóngrén Xiàn | 1,519.96 | 302,181 | Bashan Town | 344200 | | 7 | 8 | | | 361025 | Le'an County | Lè'ān Xiàn | 2,410.44 | 307,909 | Aoxi Town | 344300 | |9 | 7 | 1 | | | 361026 | Yihuang County | Yíhuáng Xiàn | 1,937.13 | 201,127 | Fenggang Town | 344400 | |8 | 4 | | | 361027 | Jinxi County | Jīnxī Xiàn | 1,352.71 | 253,828 | Xiugu Town | 344800 | | 8 | 5 | | | 361028 | Zixi County | Zīxī Xiàn | 1,247.71 | 95,826 | Hecheng Town | 335300 | | 5 | 2 | | | 361030 | Guangchang County | Guǎngchāng Xiàn | 1,602.87 | 204,375 | Xujiang Town | 344900 | | 6 | 5 | |

5. Economy

The economy is primarily based on agriculture. Due to inconvenient transportation, industrial development has been slow, making it a relatively underdeveloped region even within Jiangxi Province. Influenced by the local culture, the tertiary sector is also underdeveloped.

Key pillar industries: grain, textiles, food processing, and light automobiles.

6. Transportation

• Railway: Fujiang Railway, Shanghai–Kunming Railway (via Dongxiang), Shanghai–Kunming High-Speed Railway (via Dongxiang), Changfu Railway
• Highway: National Highway 316, National Highway 206, G35 Jiguang Expressway

7. Education

7.1. Higher Education Institutions

• East China University of Technology
• Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University

7.2. Secondary Technical Schools

• Jiangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine

7.3. Senior High Schools

• Fuzhou No.1 High School (formerly Linchuan High School)
• Linchuan No.1 High School
• Linchuan No.2 High School

8. Population

According to the Seventh National Population Census in 2020, the city's resident population was 3,614,866. Compared with the 3,912,307 people from the Sixth National Population Census, the population decreased by 297,441 over the past ten years, a decline of 7.6%, with an average annual growth rate of -0.79%. Among them, the male population was 1,868,742, accounting for 51.7% of the total population; the female population was 1,746,124, accounting for 48.3% of the total population. The sex ratio (with females as 100) was 107.02. The population aged 0–14 was 814,442, accounting for 22.53% of the total population; the population aged 15–59 was 2,207,356, accounting for 61.06% of the total population; the population aged 60 and above was 593,068, accounting for 16.41% of the total population, among which the population aged 65 and above was 426,013, accounting for 11.79% of the total population. The urban population was 2,058,897, accounting for 56.96% of the total population; the rural population was 1,555,969, accounting for 43.04% of the total population.

8.1. Ethnic Groups

Among the city's resident population, the Han ethnic group population was 3,603,598, accounting for 99.69%; the population of various ethnic minorities was 11,268, accounting for 0.31%. Compared with the Sixth National Population Census in 2010, the Han ethnic group population decreased by 300,904, a decline of 7.71%, with its proportion of the total population decreasing by 0.11 percentage points; the population of various ethnic minorities increased by 3,463, a growth of 44.37%, with its proportion of the total population increasing by 0.11 percentage points.

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9. Culture

Linchuan culture is a regional culture with a long history and extensive influence. Agrarian culture forms its foundation, while the imperial examination culture stands out as its prominent manifestation. Fuzhou is a nationally renowned historical and cultural city.

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Taking the meaning of "pacification"

Linchuan District

Linchuan District

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