Fuyang (阜阳)

1. Introduction

Fuyang City, abbreviated as Fu, historically known as Ruyin, Shunchang, and Yingzhou, is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, located in the northwest of Anhui Province. The city borders Bozhou City to the northeast, Huainan City to the east, Lu'an City to the southeast, Xinyang City of Henan Province to the southwest, Zhumadian City of Henan Province to the west, and Zhoukou City of Henan Province to the northwest. Situated in the southern part of the Huaibei Plain, the terrain is flat. The Huai River flows along the southern border, and the Ying River runs from northwest to southeast, passing through the urban area and emptying into the Huai River in the southeastern part of the city. The total area is 10,118 square kilometers, with a permanent resident population of approximately 8.15 million. The People's Government of Fuyang City is located at No. 539 Qinghe East Road, Yingzhou District. The representative culture of Fuyang is the Huai River culture, with items such as Jieshou painted pottery, Yingshang flower-drum lantern, Huanggang willow weaving, and Du's copper carving included in the national intangible cultural heritage list. Fuyang is a city within the Central Plains Economic Zone and joined the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration in 2019.

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2. History

Due to its geographical advantage of "linking the Huai River and controlling Chen and Cai," the Hu State of the Gui surname was established during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The Qin dynasty first established Ruyin County, which was part of Runan Commandery during the Han dynasty. In the Western Jin dynasty, Ruyin Commandery was established, with its seat located within the region. In the fourth year of the Xiaochang era of the Northern Wei dynasty (523 AD), Yingzhou was established. The Sui dynasty set up Ruyin Commandery, the Song dynasty established Shunchang Prefecture, and the Jin dynasty reinstated Yingzhou. In the 13th year of the Yongzheng era of the Qing dynasty (1735), Yingzhou was elevated to Yingzhou Prefecture, with Fuyang County established as its attached county. In 1913, the Beijing government of the Republic of China abolished all prefectures and counties nationwide. On July 30, 1948, the Independent Third Regiment of the Fourth Sub-district of the Yuwan Soviet Military Region of the Chinese People's Liberation Army captured Fuyang. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Fuyang Regional Commissioner's Office was established. On February 26, 1996, Fuyang Prefecture and the county-level Fuyang City were abolished, and the prefecture-level Fuyang City was established, governing three districts and five counties (cities). In February 1998, Bozhou City was separated from Fuyang City and placed under direct provincial administration.

In May 2000, the State Council of the People's Republic of China approved the establishment of the prefecture-level Bozhou City, with the counties of Guoyang, Mengcheng, and Lixin placed under its jurisdiction. Currently, Fuyang City administers Jieshou City and the four counties of Taihe, Linquan, Yingshang, and Funan, as well as the three districts of Yingzhou, Yingquan, and Yingdong.

3. Geography

3.1 Climate

Fuyang City is located in the western part of the Huaibei Plain, in the northwest of Anhui Province. It lies in the transitional zone between the subtropical and warm temperate zones, belonging to a warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate.

Fuyang has four distinct seasons, moderate rainfall, and ample sunshine. The annual average temperature is around 15°C, with a frost-free period of 220 days and an average annual precipitation of about 910 mm. Due to its location in a monsoon climate zone, the interannual and intra-annual variations in precipitation and temperature are significantly influenced by the monsoon.

| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | |------------------|-------|-------|------|------|------|-------|-------|-------|------|------|------|-------|-------| | Record High °C | 20.5 | 26.2 | 29.7 | 34.3 | 37.7 | 39.8 | 40.8 | 39 | 38.9 | 34.7 | 30.4 | 22.2 | 40.8 | | Record High °F | 68.9 | 79.2 | 85.5 | 93.7 | 99.9 | 103.6 | 105.4 | 102.2 | 102 | 94.5 | 86.7 | 72 | 105.4 | | Average High °C | 6.7 | 9 | 13.8 | 21.3 | 26.5 | 30.5 | 32.1 | 31.6 | 27.2 | 22.1 | 15.4 | 9.3 | 20.5 | | Average High °F | 44.1 | 48.2 | 56.8 | 70.3 | 79.7 | 86.9 | 89.8 | 88.9 | 81 | 71.8 | 59.7 | 48.7 | 68.8 | | Daily Mean °C | 1.7 | 3.9 | 8.8 | 15.8 | 21 | 25.4 | 27.7 | 26.9 | 22.1 | 16.5 | 9.8 | 4 | 15.3 | | Daily Mean °F | 35.1 | 39 | 47.8 | 60.4 | 69.8 | 77.7 | 81.9 | 80.4 | 71.8 | 61.7 | 49.6 | 39.2 | 59.5 | | Average Low °C | −1.9 | 0 | 4.5 | 10.9 | 16.1 | 20.8 | 24.1 | 23.3 | 18.2 | 12.2 | 5.5 | 0.1 | 11.2 | | Average Low °F | 28.6 | 32 | 40.1 | 51.6 | 61 | 69.4 | 75.4 | 73.9 | 64.8 | 54 | 41.9 | 32.2 | 52.1 | | Record Low °C | −14.2 | −14.9 | −5.5 | 0.3 | 5.9 | 13 | 17.3 | 16.2 | 8.4 | 1.3 | −6.9 | −13.1 | −14.9 | | Record Low °F | 6.4 | 5.2 | 22.1 | 32.5 | 42.6 | 55.4 | 63.1 | 61.2 | 47.1 | 34.3 | 19.6 | 8.4 | 5.2 | | Average Precipitation mm | 26.6 | 32.6 | 56.8 | 56.6 | 81.5 | 161.9 | 189.2 | 95.9 | 87.3 | 63.8 | 40 | 17.8 | 910 | | Average Precipitation inches | 1.05 | 1.28 | 2.24 | 2.23 | 3.21 | 6.37 | 7.45 | 3.78 | 3.44 | 2.51 | 1.57 | 0.7 | 35.83 | | Average Precipitation Days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.8 | 6.5 | 9.5 | 8.2 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 12.7 | 10.9 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 6.4 | 4.7 | 101.4 |

3.2 Resources

• Animal resources include over 100 species such as fish, birds, and mammals.
• Wild plants include Chenopodium ambrosioides (Mexican tea) and Citrullus colocynthis (wild watermelon).
• Major Chinese medicinal herbs include Isatis root (Banlangen), Plantago seeds (Cheqianzi), Pinellia ternata (Banxia), Euryale ferox (Qianshi), Purslane (Machixian), Goji berries (Gouqi), Lobelia chinensis (Banbianlian), and Cyperus rotundus (Xiangfuzi).
• Local specialty products include Gelatiao (a type of noodle), Pillow Steamed Buns (Zhentoumo), Yingzhou Cherries, Pre-rain Toona (Yuxiangchun), Hou Dasheng Aged Vinegar, Yingzhou Pickled Melon and Vegetables, Wenji Strawberries, Banjielou Watermelons, Braised Chicken (Jianhuiji), and Drunk for Three Autumns Wine (Zuisanqiu Jiu).
• The region is rich in coal resources. In the eastern area alone, proven reserves amount to 10 billion tons, with over 8 billion tons of recoverable reserves, all of which are high-quality coal with a calorific value of around 5,700 kcal. Preliminary surveys indicate that coal reserves in the western region far exceed those in the east. Existing mines include the Xieqiao Mine (designed capacity of 8 million tons of coal), the Liuzhuang Mine in Yingshang (annual production of 8 million tons, known as China's first pair of digitalized mines, featuring the "Asia's First Shaft Tower" standing 90.8 meters high), the Kouzi Coal Mine (designed annual production of 5 million tons, expected to commence operations in 2009), and the Luoyuan Coal Mine (annual production of 3 million tons, currently in the project implementation phase).
• According to satellite remote sensing surveys, Jieshou City and Taihe County have abundant underground reserves of petroleum and natural gas.
• Taihe County and Funan County contain geothermal resources.

4. Administrative Divisions

Fuyang City currently administers 3 municipal districts, 4 counties, and has jurisdiction over 1 county-level city.

• Municipal Districts: Yingzhou District, Yingdong District, Yingquan District
• County-level City: Jieshou City
• Counties: Linquan County, Taihe County, Funan County, Yingshang County

| Division Code | Division Name | Chinese Pinyin | Area (km²) | Resident Population (2020 Census) | Government Seat | Postal Code | Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Including: Ethnic Townships | |-------------------|-------------------|--------------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------|-----------------|------------------|-----------|---------------|---------------------------------| | 341200 | Fuyang City | Fùyáng Shì | 10,118.17 | 8,200,264 | Yingzhou District | 236000 | 18 | 125 | 24 | 1 | | 341202 | Yingzhou District | Yǐngzhōu Qū | 622.89 | 992,347 | Gulou Subdistrict | 236000 | 5 | 8 | 1 | | | 341203 | Yingdong District | Yǐngdōng Qū | 683.12 | 538,187 | Hedong Subdistrict | 236000 | 3 | 8 | 1 | | | 341204 | Yingquan District | Yǐngquán Qū | 650.73 | 598,004 | Zhongshi Subdistrict| 236000 | 2 | 4 | | | | 341221 | Linquan County | Línquán Xiàn | 1,838.77 | 1,658,442 | Chengnan Subdistrict| 236400 | 5 | 21 | 2 | | | 341222 | Taihe County | Tàihé Xiàn | 1,867.19 | 1,379,982 | Chengguan Town | 236600 | | 30 | 1 | | | 341225 | Funan County | Fùnán Xiàn | 1,800.66 | 1,183,602 | Lucheng Town | 236300 | | 20 | 8 | | | 341226 | Yingshang County | Yǐngshàng Xiàn | 1,986.99 | 1,198,830 | Shencheng Town | 236200 | | 22 | 8 | 1 | | 341282 | Jieshou City | Jièshǒu Shì | 667.83 | 650,870 | Dongcheng Subdistrict| 236500 | 3 | 12 | 3 | |

5. Economy

According to preliminary calculations in 2019, Fuyang City's regional GDP reached 270.5 billion yuan, an increase of 9.0% over the previous year at comparable prices, with the growth rate 1.5 percentage points higher than the provincial average. Specifically, the added value of the primary industry was 35.04 billion yuan, up 3.5%, 0.3 percentage points faster than the provincial average; the added value of the secondary industry was 103.32 billion yuan, up 10.3%, 2.3 percentage points faster than the provincial average; the added value of the tertiary industry was 132.13 billion yuan, up 9.6%, 1.9 percentage points faster than the provincial average. The industrial structure was adjusted to 13.0 : 38.2 : 48.8.

In 2019, the city's GDP grew by 9.0% year-on-year, 1.5 percentage points higher than the provincial average; the added value of industries above designated size increased by 10.4%, 3.1 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 4th in the province; fixed asset investment grew by 13.9%, 4.7 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 3rd in the province; real estate development investment grew by 30.9%, 19.2 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 3rd in the province; total retail sales of consumer goods grew by 12.4%, 1.8 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 2nd in the province; fiscal revenue grew by 8.5%, 2.0 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 4th in the province; the balance of RMB loans from financial institutions grew by 20.9%, 6.8 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 2nd in the province; per capita disposable income of residents grew by 10.9%, 0.8 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 1st in the province; per capita disposable income of rural residents grew by 10.6%, 0.5 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 3rd in the province.

Annual fiscal revenue reached 35.23 billion yuan, an increase of 8.5%, with the growth rate 2.0 percentage points higher than the provincial average. Among this, local fiscal revenue was 20.06 billion yuan, up 7.2%. Fiscal expenditure amounted to 65.51 billion yuan, an increase of 14.0%. Among this, expenditure on people's livelihood was 55.93 billion yuan, up 13.4%, 1.7 percentage points higher than the same period last year.

By the end of the year, the balance of RMB deposits in the city's financial institutions was 434.23 billion yuan, an increase of 28.78 billion yuan from the beginning of the year, up 7.1%. Among this, the balance of household deposits was 269.36 billion yuan, an increase of 30.93 billion yuan from the beginning of the year, up 13.0%, 5.9 percentage points faster than the growth rate of RMB deposits in the city's financial institutions. The balance of RMB loans from financial institutions was 319.52 billion yuan, an increase of 54.22 billion yuan from the beginning of the year, up 20.9%, with the growth rate 6.8 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 2nd in the province.

The annual per capita disposable income of residents in the city was 20,700 yuan, an increase of 10.9% over the previous year, with the growth rate 0.8 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 1st in the province. By permanent residence, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 32,844 yuan, up 9.1%, with the growth rate equal to the provincial average; the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 13,079 yuan, up 10.6%, with the growth rate 0.5 percentage points higher than the provincial average, ranking 3rd in the province.

6. Transportation

• National Highway 105 and National Highway 345 pass through the area.
• China State Railway Group's Zhengzhou–Fuyang high-speed railway has a station at Fuyang West.
• Fuyang Airport

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7. Population

At the end of 2022, the city's permanent resident population was 8.141 million, a decrease of 30,000 from the end of the previous year. The urbanization rate of the permanent resident population was 43.47%, an increase of 0.73 percentage points from the end of the previous year.

According to the Seventh National Population Census in 2020, the city's permanent resident population was 8,200,264. Compared with the 7,599,913 people from the Sixth National Population Census, there was an increase of 600,351 people over the ten years, representing a growth of 7.9% and an average annual growth rate of 0.76%. Among them, the male population was 4,157,132, accounting for 50.7% of the total population; the female population was 4,043,132, accounting for 49.3% of the total population. The sex ratio of the total population (with females as 100) was 102.82. The population aged 0–14 was 2,003,910, accounting for 24.44% of the total population; the population aged 15–59 was 4,812,494, accounting for 58.69% of the total population; the population aged 60 and above was 1,383,860, accounting for 16.88% of the total population, of which the population aged 65 and above was 1,130,854, accounting for 13.79% of the total population. The urban population was 3,441,982, accounting for 41.97% of the total population; the rural population was 4,758,282, accounting for 58.03% of the total population.

7.1. Ethnic Groups

Among the city's permanent resident population, the Han ethnic group population was 8,131,828, accounting for 99.17%; the population of various ethnic minorities was 68,436, accounting for 0.83%. Compared with the Sixth National Population Census in 2010, the Han ethnic group population increased by 603,443, a growth of 8.02%, with its proportion of the total population increasing by 0.11 percentage points; the population of various ethnic minorities decreased by 3,092, a decline of 4.32%, with its proportion of the total population decreasing by 0.11 percentage points.

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8. Culture

• Yingzhou West Lake
• Fuyang Ecological Park
• Ouyang Xiu's Former Residence
• Bali River Scenic Area
• Fuyang Kuixing Tower
• Fuyang Wenfeng Pagoda

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No. 539, Qinghedong Road, Yingzhou District

Linquan County

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Black locust

Rose, Lotus