Xianyang (咸阳)

1. Introduction

Xianyang City, abbreviated as Xian, is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is located in the central part of Shaanxi Province, along the Wei River. The city borders Yan'an City to the northeast, Tongchuan City and Weinan City to the east, Xi'an City to the south, Baoji City to the west, Pingliang City of Gansu Province to the northwest, and Qingyang City of Gansu Province to the north. It lies in the transitional zone between the central Guanzhong Plain and the Loess Plateau. The northern part is the Northern Shaanxi Plateau, while the southern part is the Guanzhong Basin. The Wei River, the largest tributary of the Yellow River, flows from west to east across the southern edge, and the Jing River runs diagonally from northwest to southeast through the entire area. The city covers a total area of 10,324 square kilometers, with a permanent population of 4.376 million (excluding the portion transferred to the Xixian New Area). The Municipal People's Government is located at No. 6 Weiyang Middle Road, Qindu District.

Xianyang is a famous ancient capital of China and the capital site of the Qin Dynasty, the first centralized feudal dynasty in Chinese history. It served as a crucial capital region during the Zhou Dynasty, Western Han Dynasty, and Tang Dynasty. With over two thousand years of urban history, Xianyang is a National Historical and Cultural City, an Excellent Tourism City of China, a Class-A Open City of China, a National Model City for Mutual Support between the Military and Civilians, and a National Sanitary City. In 2004, it was recognized as one of the First Charming Cities of China. In 2005, it was selected as one of China's Top Ten Livable Prefecture-level Cities. In 2014, it was awarded the title of National Garden City.

Xianyang City is located in the core area of the Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone and is one of the two major components of the Xi'an (Xianyang) Metropolitan Area designated by the National Development and Reform Commission. The majority of the Xixian New Area—the seventh national-level new area in China and the first with the theme of innovative urban development—is situated within Xianyang City (including the entire Qinhan New City, Fengxi New City, Airport New City, and Jinghe New City, as well as parts of Fengdong New City). Additionally, China's only Agricultural High-tech Industry Development Zone was established in 1997 in Yangling District, Xianyang City.

nix

2. History

According to Li Jifu's Yuanhe Junxian Zhi (Geographical Records of the Prefectures and Counties of the Yuanhe Era), "The south side of a mountain is called 'yang,' and the north bank of a river is also called 'yang'." Xianyang is situated south of the Jiuzong Mountains and north of the Wei River, with both the mountain and river sides being 'yang.' The character "xian" (咸) means "all" or "both," hence the name "Xianyang." Additionally, based on Records of the Grand Historian and pottery inscriptions unearthed from the Qin capital Xianyang, Shang Yang once established "Xian Ting" (咸亭) and "Yang Li" (阳里) here. Duke Xiao of Qin combined these two names to form "Xianyang."

Due to its long history and origins, Xianyang boasts numerous cultural relics and historical sites, earning it the title "Natural History Museum." Its history can be traced back over 4,000 years to the Neolithic Age. It served as the capital region for 11 dynasties, with historical relics and sites scattered throughout the city.

In 350 BCE, Duke Xiao of Qin moved the capital from Yueyang to Xianyang, where he constructed palace towers and palaces. Qin Shi Huang replicated the palaces of the six conquered states, transforming Xianyang into a magnificent imperial capital. Later, Fufeng Commandery was established. When the Western Han Dynasty was founded (206 BCE), Xianyang was successively renamed Xincheng and Weicheng. On the present-day Xianyang Plain, because the Western Han Dynasty established mausoleum towns for the five imperial tombs, it became known as the "Wuling Plain." During the Western Jin Dynasty, Shiping Commandery was established. The Former Qin established Xianyang Commandery. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Xianyang County was merged into Jingyang County. In the Sui Dynasty, it was incorporated into Jingzhao Commandery. The Tang Dynasty re-established Xianyang County and built Xianyang City. Empress Wu Zetian, because her mother Lady Yang's Shunling Mausoleum was located on the northern plain of Xianyang, once renamed Xianyang County as "Chi County." In the first year of the Shenlong era of the Tang Dynasty (705 CE), it was elevated to a secondary capital region. It was called "Xianyang" throughout the Five Dynasties, Song, and Jin periods. In the early Yuan Dynasty, Xianyang was briefly merged into Xingping but was soon restored as Xianyang County. In the fourth year of the Hongwu era of the Ming Dynasty (1371), the county seat was moved to Weishui Post, the current location of "Qindu District." During the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was called "Xianyang" and was under the jurisdiction of Xi'an Prefecture.

During the Republic of China period, Xianyang County was first under the jurisdiction of Guanzhong Circuit, but soon the circuit was abolished, and it came directly under the Shaanxi Provincial Government. After 1937, it belonged to the Xianyang 10th Administrative Inspectorate. On May 18, 1949, the People's Liberation Army entered and occupied Xianyang County.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Xianyang Administrative District was established, initially governing six counties: Xianyang, Xingping, Wugong, Chang'an, Hu County, and Zhouzhi. In 1950, according to the administrative division order issued after the establishment of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government, the Xianyang Special District governed 13 counties: Xianyang, Sanyuan, Jingyang, Chunhua, Xunyi, Liquan, Xingping, Zhouzhi, Hu County, Yao County, Tongchuan, Fuping, and Gaoling. In 1952, the county-level Xianyang City was established. In January 1953, the Xianyang Administrative District was abolished; the cities and counties under its jurisdiction—Xianyang City, Xianyang County, Hu County, and Tongchuan—were placed under the direct administration of the provincial government, while other suburban counties were allocated to the Weinan and Baoji Special Districts.

In 1958, Xianyang City and Xianyang County were merged to form a new Xianyang City (county-level city). In October 1961, the Xianyang Special District was re-established, governing Xianyang City (county-level city) and 13 counties: Sanyuan, Jingyang, Chunhua, Xunyi, Changwu, Bin County, Liquan, Yongshou, Qian County, Xingping, Zhouzhi, Hu County, and Gaoling. In June 1966, Xianyang City (county-level city) was placed under the jurisdiction of Xi'an City; by 1971, it was reassigned to the Xianyang Prefecture.

On October 5, 1983, with the approval of the State Council of China, the Xianyang Prefecture was changed to Xianyang City (a prefecture-level city directly under the provincial government). The original Xianyang City (county-level city) was renamed Qindu District. Zhouzhi, Hu County, and Gaoling were transferred to Xi'an City. Wugong County and Yangling District, originally under Baoji City, were transferred to the newly established Xianyang City (prefecture-level city). In May 1984, after the Xianyang Prefecture was changed to a prefecture-level city, the original county-level city was renamed "Qindu District."

On September 16, 2006, with the integration of the local telephone networks of Xi'an and Xianyang, Xianyang's original telephone area code 0910 was changed to 029, the same as Xi'an's. In July 2007, the subordinate Yangling District was placed under the jurisdiction of the National Yangling Agricultural High-tech Industries Demonstration Zone. However, due to the special nature of the agricultural high-tech zone, the National Yangling Agricultural High-tech Industries Demonstration Zone is not listed as an administrative division by the Ministry of Civil Affairs. The county-level Yangling District under its jurisdiction nominally remains a district of Xianyang City.

In January 2017, 15 townships/sub-districts with a population of 605,000 from the four counties/districts/cities under Xianyang's jurisdiction—Qindu, Weicheng, Jingyang, and Xingping—were placed under the administration of Xi'an City.

In May 2018, with the approval of the State Council, it was agreed to abolish Bin County and establish the county-level Binzhou City, directly under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province and administered by Xianyang City on its behalf.

3. Geography

Xianyang City is located in the central part of the Guanzhong Basin in Shaanxi Province. The terrain is higher in the north and lower in the south, presenting a distinct stepped topography with clear elevation differences and boundaries. The Loess Plateau and plains dominate the landscape. The highest point in the city is Shimen Mountain Peak in the northeast, with an altitude of 1,826 meters. The lowest point is at the exit of the Qinghe River in Dacheng Town, Sanyuan County in the southeast, with an altitude of 366 meters. The northern part constitutes a section of the southern edge of the Loess Plateau, roughly bounded by the Jing River. The southwestern area is characterized by loess hills and gullies, while the northeastern part consists of remnant loess tablelands, gullies, and low-medium rocky mountains. The southern part belongs to the Wei River Basin, a component of the Guanzhong Plain, featuring flat terrain and minimal soil erosion. This basin can be further subdivided into the Jing-Wei alluvial plain and loess tablelands, distributed in a stepped pattern from north to south.

The water resources within the territory primarily consist of river runoff and groundwater. The river system belongs to the Wei River basin of the Yellow River watershed. The main stem of the Wei River flows along the southern border. Major tributaries converging within the city include the Qishui River, Xin River, Feng River, Jing River, and Shichuan River, with the Jing River being the largest, forming the two major water systems of the Jing and Wei Rivers. Groundwater resources are abundant in the south but scarce in the north. Due to consecutive droughts, insufficient surface water supply, and excessive groundwater extraction, some rivers and ponds have dried up, and the groundwater level continues to decline. There is a considerable amount of transit water from other regions, but its utilization is challenging. The distribution of surface water and groundwater is highly uneven.

| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | |------------------------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|------------| | Avg High °C | 4.5 | 8.4 | 13.9 | 20.6 | 25.9 | 31.0 | 31.8 | 29.6 | 24.8 | 19.0 | 12.1 | 6.0 | 19.0 | | Avg High °F | 40.1 | 47.1 | 57.0 | 69.1 | 78.6 | 87.8 | 89.2 | 85.3 | 76.6 | 66.2 | 53.8 | 42.8 | 66.1 | | Daily Mean °C | -0.9 | 2.6 | 7.7 | 14.1 | 19.3 | 24.5 | 26.3 | 24.4 | 19.6 | 13.3 | 6.0 | 0.5 | 13.1 | | Daily Mean °F | 30.4 | 36.7 | 45.9 | 57.4 | 66.7 | 76.1 | 79.3 | 75.9 | 67.3 | 55.9 | 42.8 | 32.9 | 55.6 | | Avg Low °C | -4.9 | -1.7 | 2.7 | 8.2 | 13.1 | 18.4 | 21.6 | 20.4 | 15.5 | 9.1 | 1.5 | -3.6 | 8.4 | | Avg Low °F | 23.2 | 28.9 | 36.9 | 46.8 | 55.6 | 65.1 | 70.9 | 68.7 | 59.9 | 48.4 | 34.7 | 25.5 | 47.0 | | Avg Precip. mm | 5.6 | 9.1 | 23.0 | 34.6 | 48.7 | 62.1 | 86.1 | 83.0 | 89.9 | 54.8 | 19.8 | 5.2 | 521.9 | | Avg Precip. in | 0.22 | 0.36 | 0.91 | 1.36 | 1.92 | 2.44 | 3.39 | 3.27 | 3.54 | 2.16 | 0.78 | 0.20 | 20.55 | | Avg Rel Humid. (%) | 66 | 64 | 66 | 69 | 69 | 62 | 71 | 78 | 80 | 78 | 74 | 69 | 71 |

4. Administrative Divisions

Xianyang City administers 3 districts, 9 counties, and oversees 2 county-level cities on behalf of the province.

• Districts: Qindu District, Weicheng District, Yangling District
• County-level Cities: Xingping City, Binzhou City
• Counties: Sanyuan County, Jingyang County, Qian County, Liquan County, Yongshou County, Changwu County, Xunyi County, Chunhua County, Wugong County

| Division Code | Division Name | Hanyu Pinyin | Area (km²) | Resident Population (2020 Census) | Government Seat | Postal Code | Subdistricts | Towns | |-------------------|---------------------|----------------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------|-----------------|------------------|-----------| | 610400 | Xianyang City | Xianyang Shi | 10,323.99 | 4,983,340 | Qindu District | 712000 | 40 | 101 | | 610402 | Qindu District | Qindu Qū | 259.51 | 834,374 | Renminlu Subdistrict| 712000 | 12 | | | 610403 | Yangling District| Yángling Qū | 132.57 | 253,871 | Yangling Subdistrict| 712100 | 3 | 2 | | 610404 | Weicheng District| Wèichéng Qū | 269.13 | 490,237 | Weiyang Subdistrict | 712000 | 10 | | | 610422 | Sanyuan County | Sanyuan Xiàn | 576.70 | 357,250 | Chengguan Subdistrict| 713800 | 1 | 9 | | 610423 | Jingyang County | Jingyang Xiàn | 774.66 | 450,207 | Jinggan Subdistrict | 713700 | 1 | 12 | | 610424 | Qian County | Qián Xiàn | 1,001.90 | 456,680 | Chengguan Subdistrict| 713300 | 1 | 15 | | 610425 | Liquan County | Lǐquán Xiàn | 1,010.80 | 365,555 | Chengguan Subdistrict| 713200 | | 11 | | 610426 | Yongshou County | Yǒngshòu Xiàn | 886.38 | 160,230 | Jianjun Subdistrict | 713400 | | 6 | | 610428 | Changwu County | Chángwǔ Xiàn | 568.38 | 148,404 | Zhaoren Subdistrict | 713600 | | 7 | | 610429 | Xunyi County | Xúnyì Xiàn | 1,774.23 | 211,932 | Chengguan Subdistrict| 711300 | 1 | 9 | | 610430 | Chunhua County | Chúnhuà Xiàn | 985.98 | 141,756 | Chengguan Subdistrict| 711200 | | | | 610431 | Wugong County | Wǔgōng Xiàn | 391.21 | 317,733 | Puji Subdistrict | 712200 | 1 | | | 610481 | Xingping City | Xīngpíng Shì | 508.94 | 494,587 | Dongcheng Subdistrict| 713100 | 5 | | | 610482 | Binzhou City | Bīnzhōu Shì | 1,183.59 | 300,226 | Chengguan Subdistrict| 713500 | 1 | |

5. Economy

Xianyang is one of the industrial centers of Shaanxi Province, focusing on textiles and electronics, while also encompassing industries such as power, building materials, rubber, and machinery. Its cotton, woolen, and chemical fiber products are well-sold both domestically and internationally. Xianyang is an important grain and cotton production area in Shaanxi Province, leading the province in per capita contributions of grain, meat, eggs, and vegetables to the state. Notable enterprises include: Caihong Group (China's largest picture tube manufacturer), Northwest Rubber General Factory (a major comprehensive industrial and military rubber products factory in China, brand "Shuangxi", established in 1959), and Shaanxi Cotton Textile System factories (including Northwest State Cotton Mill No. 1 (now bankrupt), No. 2, No. 7, and No. 8).

Xianyang is also renowned as the "Textile and Electronics City" due to its industrial characteristics. The textile industry is fully integrated, covering everything from cotton, wool, and chemical fiber spinning to yarn, fabric, knitting, and printing and dyeing, as well as the manufacturing of large textile machinery, equipment, and accessories, forming a relatively complete textile industrial system. The electronics industry has evolved from solely producing military products to a "military-civilian integration" approach and from manufacturing only components to assembling complete machines. The nationally famous Shaanxi Color Picture Tube General Factory is located here.

6. Transportation

6.1 Highways

G70 Fuyin Expressway, G69 Xianxun Expressway, G30 Lianhuo Expressway, Xi'an Xianyang International Airport Expressway, Xi'an Ring Expressway, National Highway 312

6.2 Railways

Longhai Railway, Xiantong Railway, Xulan High-Speed Railway Longhai Railway: Xianyang Station, Xianyang West Station, Maoling Station

6.3 Aviation

Xi'an Xianyang International Airport is the largest international aviation hub in Northwest China, with over 40 domestic and international routes.

6.4 Public Transportation

6.4.1 Buses

Xianyang City has a relatively well-developed public transportation system, with over 30 bus routes within the city. Most routes implement a flat fare of one yuan, not only covering most areas of the city but also seamlessly connecting with multiple bus routes to the provincial capital, Xi'an, making it a pioneer in intercity public transportation integration in China. See Xianyang Bus Routes.

6.4.2 Rail Transit:

Xi'an Metro Line 1: Fangzhicheng - Xianyang West Station Xi'an Metro Line 5: Innovation Harbor East - Diaotai Xi'an Metro Line 14: Airport West - Qingong Xi'an Metro Line 16: Qinchuangyuan Center - Fuxing Avenue North

6.4.3 Operational Status

In September 2023, according to the Ministry of Transport's Urban Rail Transit Operational Data Bulletin, the passenger flow intensity of Xianyang's urban rail transit was 0.63 (only counting Phase 3 of Xi'an Line 1), ranking 52nd out of 53 cities on the passenger flow list.

7. Education

7.1 Teaching and Research

Xianyang City is rich in educational and scientific research resources, making it a major hub for science and education in Shaanxi Province, second only to the provincial capital, Xi'an. It is exceptionally rare for a prefecture-level city in China to host as many higher education institutions and research units as Xianyang does. The city is home to Northwest A&F University, a prestigious institution under both the "985 Project" and "211 Project," as well as Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, a national key university and a participant in the "Fundamental Capacity Building Project for Universities in Central and Western China," along with numerous other colleges and universities. Xianyang also governs several well-known provincial-level high schools. Furthermore, Xianyang is one of the important military-industrial research bases in Northwest China, hosting multiple ordnance groups.

7.2 Universities

• Northwest A&F University
• Xi'an Jiaotong University (Innovation Harbor Campus)
• Air Force Engineering University (Missile Institute) (Early Admission Batch)
• Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
• Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine
• Xizang Minzu University
• Xianyang Normal University
• Shaanxi Polytechnic Institute
• Shaanxi Post and Telecommunication College
• Shaanxi Technical College of Finance & Economics
• Shaanxi Energy Institute
• Xianyang Vocational Technical College
• Haojing College of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
• Shaanxi Fashion Engineering University
• Shaanxi Institute of International Trade & Commerce

7.3 Notable High Schools

• Xianyang High School
• Weicheng High School
• Caihong High School
• Xianyang Experimental High School
• Yucai High School
• Xianyang Daobei High School
• Affiliated High School of Xianyang Normal University
• Northwestern Polytechnical University Qidi High School
• Zhouling High School
• Qindu High School
• Affiliated High School of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
• Tsinghua University High School Qinhan Campus
• Xianyang High-Tech No.1 High School
• Xianyang Bailing High School

7.4 Research Institutes

• China North Industries Group Corporation (NORINCO Group) No. 202 Research Institute (Northwest Electromechanical Research Institute)
• Nuclear Industry 203 Research Institute
• Northwest Rubber Research Institute
• Shaanxi Mechanical Research Institute
• Shaanxi Agricultural Machinery Research Institute
• Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute
• Shaanxi Textile Equipment Research Institute

8. Population

At the end of 2022, the city's permanent resident population was 4.169 million, a decrease of 44,000 compared to the end of the previous year. Among them, the urban permanent resident population was 2.4018 million, and the rural permanent resident population was 1.7672 million. The proportion of urban population to the total population, i.e., the urbanization rate, was 57.6%, an increase of 0.4 percentage points from the previous year. The annual birth rate was 5.98‰.

According to the 2020 Seventh National Population Census, the city's permanent resident population was 4,729,469 (including the Xixian New Area’s Xianyang portion, excluding Yangling District, the same applies below). Compared to the 4,894,829 people in the Sixth National Population Census, the population decreased by 165,360 over the ten-year period, a decline of 3.38%, with an average annual growth rate of -0.34%. Among them, the male population was 2,013,505, accounting for 42.57% of the total population; the female population was 2,715,964, accounting for 57.43% of the total population. The overall sex ratio (with females as 100) was 74.14. The population aged 0–14 was 690,291, accounting for 14.6% of the total population; the population aged 15–59 was 2,418,081, accounting for 51.13% of the total population; the population aged 60 and above was 851,470, accounting for 18% of the total population, of which the population aged 65 and above was 600,094, accounting for 12.69% of the total population. The urban population was 2,195,159, accounting for 46.41% of the total population; the rural population was 2,534,310, accounting for 53.59% of the total population.

9. Religion

Before the Ming Dynasty, the Han Chinese in the region mostly practiced Buddhism or Taoism, while the Hui people adhered to Islam. During the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Catholicism was introduced to the area. After the Opium War in 1840, Catholicism and Protestant Christianity spread across all counties, successively becoming the religions with a larger number of followers and greater influence in the region.

10. Culture and Tourism

Xianyang was the capital of the first feudal empire in Chinese history, the Qin Dynasty, and served as the vital capital region for over ten dynasties including the Han and Tang. It is the first stop of the world-renowned ancient Silk Road. Its long history has endowed Xianyang with an extremely rich historical and cultural heritage, featuring numerous ancient sites with profound significance and a widespread, highly concentrated distribution of ancient tombs. Notable ancient architectures include the Xunyi Tai Pagoda, the Bin County Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda, the Jingyang Chongwen Pagoda, and the Sanyuan City God Temple. Prominent stone carvings include the Bin County Great Buddha Temple Grottoes. Statistics show the city has 5,313 cultural heritage sites of various types, including 1,037 ancient sites, 1,135 ancient tombs, and 247 ancient buildings.

Xianyang boasts abundant tourism resources with famous scenic spots scattered across the area, making it a major city for cultural relics in Shaanxi Province and even China. Known as a treasure trove of cultural relics from the Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang dynasties, Xianyang possesses one UNESCO World Heritage Site, two National Archaeological Site Parks, one National First-Class Museum, and one National Forest Park. Additionally, there are nine important ancient sites such as the Ancient Tai State, the Qin Xianyang Palace, and the Zheng Guo Canal, along with 21 grand imperial mausoleums from the Han and Tang dynasties. Other highlights include the Qianfo Pagoda, Qin and Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the Han Maoling Mausoleum, the Xianyang Museum, and the Han Yangling Mausoleum. Xianyang is also the hometown of the Eastern Han dynasty historian Ban Gu, his brother Ban Chao who abandoned his writing brush to join the military and reopened the Western Regions, and their sister Ban Zhao (all children of Ban Biao, from Anling, Fufeng), whose hometown is in present-day Xianyang.

Within Xianyang's urban area lies the Ming-Qing era old city ruins district, with Beiping Street as one of its main entrances. The old city preserves nationally protected key cultural relics such as the Xianyang Confucian Temple, Anguo Temple, Shengmu Palace, and the Phoenix Terrace—the only remaining Ming Dynasty city wall site in Xianyang.

Xianyang Lake is the largest artificial lake in northwest China by water area. The famous site of the ancient Xianyang Ferry, one of the Eight Scenic Spots of Guanzhong, is located on its shore. The lake stretches east from the Gudu Park in Weicheng District to Xiantong South Road in Qindu District, borders the Xianyang Lake South Garden Plaza to the south and connects with Century Avenue—the main thoroughfare of the Xixian New Area—and reaches the Unity Plaza, the largest square in Xianyang's urban area, to the north. Unity Plaza was the starting point for the Xianyang leg of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Torch Relay.

10.1 Major Tourist Attractions

• Bin County Great Buddha Temple
• Ruins of the Qin Xianyang City
• Great Buddha Temple Grottoes
• Main Hall of Zhaoren Temple
• Western Han Imperial Mausoleums
• Han Changling Mausoleum
• Han Yangling Mausoleum
• Han Maoling Mausoleum
• Tomb of Huo Qubing
• Sui Tailing Mausoleum
• Tang Qianling Mausoleum
• Tang Zhaoling Mausoleum
• Sanyuan City God Temple
• Headworks Site of the Zheng Guo Canal
• Ganquan Palace Site
• Xianyang Confucian Temple
• Jingyang Chongwen Pagoda
• Anwu Youth Training Class
• Tai Pagoda
• Beidu Iron Pagoda
• Shahe Ancient Bridge Site
• Starting Point Site of the Qin Straight Road
• Xianyang Bell Tower
• Xianyang Ancient Ferry Site
• Xianyang Lake Scenic Area
• Shimen National Forest Park
• Malan Revolutionary Site

10.2 Nationally Protected Key Cultural Relics Units

• Maoling Mausoleum
• Tomb of Huo Qubing
• Zhaoling Mausoleum
• Qianling Mausoleum
• Shunling Mausoleum
• Great Buddha Temple Grottoes
• Main Hall of Zhaoren Temple
• Ruins of the Qin Xianyang City
• Changling Mausoleum
• Headworks Site of the Zheng Guo Canal
• Ganquan Palace Site
• Tailing Mausoleum
• Western Han Imperial Mausoleums
• Sanyuan City God Temple
• Tai Pagoda
• Jingyang Chongwen Pagoda
• Wulingsi Pagoda
• Xianyang Confucian Temple
• Bin County Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda
• Ancient Tai State Site
• Qin Straight Road Site
• Zhengjiapo Site
• Starting Point Site of the Qin Straight Road
• Shahe Ancient Bridge Site
• Anren Porcelain Kiln Site
• Han Yunling Mausoleum
• Xingningling Mausoleum
• Qingfan Temple Pagoda
• Baoben Temple Pagoda
• Wugong City God Temple
• Beidu Iron Pagoda
• Anwu Fort Wartime Youth Training Class Revolutionary Site
• Hongdao Academy
• Yongkangling Mausoleum
• Nianzipo Site
• Xi'an Xianyang International Airport within Xianyang City
• Maoling Museum

11. International Exchanges

Since its establishment as a city in 1984, Xianyang has established friendly relations with 7 cities in 5 countries.

• Uji City, Japan (established on July 24, 1986)
• Narita City, Japan (established on September 14, 1988)
• Rochester City, Minnesota, USA (established on January 18, 1995)
• Moreland City, Australia (established on July 31, 1997)
• Le Mans City, France (established on September 12, 2001)
• Uiseong County, South Korea (established on October 17, 2003)
• Rochester City, New York, USA (established on January 6, 2006)

nix

nix

nix

"Sanfu Huangtu": "Xianyang lies south of the Jiuzong Mountains and north of the Wei River, with both the mountain and water facing the sun, hence the name Xianyang."

Weiyang Middle Road, Qindu District

Qindu District

nix

nix

Rose