1. Introduction

Yingtan City, abbreviated as Ying, is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China, located in the northeastern part of Jiangxi Province. The city borders Fuzhou City to the south and west, Shangrao City to the north and east, and shares a boundary with Nanping City in Fujian Province to the southeast. Situated in the transitional zone between the Wuyi Mountains and the Poyang Lake Plain, the terrain is higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest. The northern part belongs to the western section of the Huaiyu Mountain range, while the southern part lies on the northwestern flank of the Wuyi Mountains. The Xin River flows from east to west across the central region, converging with its tributary, the Baita River, in the west. Yingtan is an important copper industry base and railway hub in China, where railways such as the Shanghai–Kunming, Yingtan–Xiamen, and Anhui–Jiangxi lines intersect. The municipal government is located in the Economic Building, Yuehu District, Yingtan City.

Within Yingtan City, Longhu Mountain is the renowned ancient and modern mountain depicted at the beginning of the classical masterpiece Water Margin. It is celebrated worldwide for its stunning Danxia landforms, supreme Taoist heritage, ancient Yue culture, and the profound interplay of yin and yang. It is a UNESCO World Natural Heritage site, a UNESCO Global Geopark, and a National 5A-level Tourist Attraction. The cultures of the Jiaoshan Ancient Pottery Kiln, Taoism, the School of Mind, the Guiguzi philosophy, ancient Yue culture, and revolutionary heritage shine together here.

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2. History

In the 30th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1765), the Yingtan Inspection Office was established. In the 3rd year of the Tongzhi reign (1864), Yingtan Town was set up under Guixi County, Guangxin Prefecture.

In 1957, due to the construction of the Yingtan–Xiamen Railway, it was elevated to a county-level Yingtan Town. In 1958, it reverted to a town under the jurisdiction of Guixi County. In 1960, it was again elevated to a county-level town, directly administered by the Shangrao Prefecture. In 1979, the town was changed to a county-level Yingtan City under the Shangrao Prefecture.

In July 1983, the prefecture-level Yingtan City was established from the former county-level Yingtan City of Shangrao Prefecture and the two counties of Guixi and Yujiang, with the former county-level Yingtan City area becoming Yuehu District.

In 1996, Guixi County was abolished and replaced by the county-level Guixi City.

In February 2018, Yujiang County was abolished and replaced by the Yujiang District of Yingtan City.

3. Geography

Yingtan City is located in the eastern part of Jiangxi Province, bordering Shangrao City, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, and other areas.

The northern part is the Huaiyu Mountain Range, the central part is the Xinjiang River alluvial plain, and the southern part is the Wuyi Mountain Range. Longhu Mountain in the south is a typical Danxia landform.

The main rivers are the Xinjiang River and the Baita River.

Average Meteorological Data of Yingtan City from 1981 to 2010

| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | Average High °C (°F) | 9.9 (49.8) | 12.6 (54.7) | 16.7 (62.1) | 23.3 (73.9) | 28.2 (82.8) | 30.7 (87.3) | 35.0 (95.0) | 34.2 (93.6) | 30.6 (87.1) | 25.3 (77.5) | 18.8 (65.8) | 12.7 (54.9) | 23.2 (73.7) | | Average Low °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) | 5.9 (42.6) | 9.2 (48.6) | 15.0 (59.0) | 19.7 (67.5) | 23.1 (73.6) | 26.2 (79.2) | 25.5 (77.9) | 22.2 (72.0) | 16.9 (62.4) | 10.7 (51.3) | 4.7 (40.5) | 15.2 (59.4) |

4. Administrative Divisions

Yingtan City currently administers 2 municipal districts and oversees 1 county-level city on behalf of the province.

• Municipal Districts: Yuehu District, Yujiang District
• County-level City: Guixi City Additionally, the Longhu Mountain Scenic Area, located in Guixi City, is a county-level administrative unit established by Yingtan City.

| Division Code | Division Name | Chinese Pinyin | Area (km²) | Resident Population (2020 Census) | Government Seat | Postal Code | Township-level Divisions | Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Of which: Ethnic Townships | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 360600 | Yingtan City | Yingtán Shi | 3,559.96 | 1,154,223 | Yuehu District | 335000 | 9 | 24 | 10 | 1 | | 360602 | Yuehu District | Yuehú Qū | 136.10 | 287,489 | Jiangbian Subdistrict | 335000 | 6 | 1 | 1 | | | 360603 | Yujiang District | Yújiāng Qū | 931.06 | 326,162 | Dengbu Town | 335200 | 7 | 5 | | | | 360681 | Guixi City | Guixí Shi | 2,492.79 | 540,572 | Huayuan Subdistrict | 335400 | 3 | 16 | 4 | 1 |

5. Economy

Yingtan City is located in the northeastern part of Jiangxi Province, situated in the middle and lower reaches of the Xinjiang River. It is an important component of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The city covers a total area of 3,556.7 square kilometers, and as of the end of 2023, its permanent population is approximately 1.1509 million.

5.1 Overview of Economic Development

Yingtan City has experienced significant economic growth in recent years, with its GDP steadily increasing. In 2023, the city achieved a regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 128.225 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7%, accounting for 3.98% of Jiangxi Province's total GDP. In terms of industrial structure, the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries contributed 7.5 billion yuan, 66.068 billion yuan, and 54.657 billion yuan, respectively, accounting for 5.9%, 51.5%, and 42.6% of the GDP.

5.2 Per Capita GDP and Resident Income

Yingtan City's per capita GDP reached 111,167 yuan in 2023, a year-on-year increase of 7.2%, which is higher than the national average. In terms of resident income, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 45,999 yuan, while that of rural residents was 24,353 yuan.

5.3 Leading Industries and Economic Characteristics

Yingtan City is dominated by the copper industry and is known as the "World Copper Capital." It has also developed certain industrial characteristics in fields such as healthcare, eyewear manufacturing, and energy-saving lighting. Additionally, the city actively promotes integrated urban-rural development, optimizes the business environment, and vigorously develops the modern logistics industry.

5.4 Economic Ranking and Comprehensive Evaluation

Within Jiangxi Province, Yingtan City ranks high in economic strength. According to 2023 data, the city's comprehensive evaluation of economic quality ranked 65th among prefecture-level cities nationwide and third within Jiangxi Province. Despite this, Yingtan City's total economic output remains relatively small, making it one of the economically less developed prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province.

6. Transportation

• Railway: A junction of the Shanghai-Kunming Railway, Yingtan-Xiamen Railway, and Anhui-Jiangxi Railway. The Shanghai-Kunming High-Speed Railway has the Yingtan North Station.
• Highway: National Highway 206, National Highway 320, and the G60 Shanghai-Kunming Expressway.

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7. Population

According to the Seventh National Population Census in 2020, the city's permanent resident population is 1,154,223. Compared with the 1,125,156 people from the Sixth National Population Census, there was an increase of 29,067 people over the past ten years, representing a growth rate of 2.58% and an average annual growth rate of 0.26%. Among them, the male population is 598,095, accounting for 51.82% of the total population; the female population is 556,128, accounting for 48.18% of the total population. The overall sex ratio (with females as 100) is 107.55. The population aged 0–14 is 252,827, accounting for 21.9% of the total population; the population aged 15–59 is 699,916, accounting for 60.64% of the total population; the population aged 60 and above is 201,480, accounting for 17.46% of the total population, of which the population aged 65 and above is 140,275, accounting for 12.15% of the total population. The urban population is 743,407, accounting for 64.41% of the total population; the rural population is 410,816, accounting for 35.59% of the total population.

The urban area is primarily composed of railway migrants, with Mandarin and Shangrao Railway Dialect being commonly spoken.

7.1. Ethnic Groups

Among the city's permanent resident population, the Han ethnic group comprises 1,149,254 people, accounting for 99.57%; ethnic minorities comprise 4,969 people, accounting for 0.43%. Compared with the Sixth National Population Census in 2010, the Han population increased by 28,737 people, a growth of 2.56%, with its proportion of the total population decreasing by 0.02 percentage points; the ethnic minority population increased by 330 people, a growth of 7.11%, with its proportion of the total population increasing by 0.02 percentage points.

The main ethnic minorities include the She, Hui, Mongol, Manchu, Dong, Zhuang, Miao, and others, with the She ethnic group having the largest population.

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8. Culture

8.1 National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units

• Xianshuiyan Cliff Tombs
• Jiaoshan Banlishan Site
• Ancient Architectural Complex of Mount Longhu

8.2 Scenic Spots and Historic Sites

• Mount Longhu
• China's Famous Historical and Cultural Towns: Shangqing Town in Mount Longhu Scenic Area, Tangwan Town in Guixi City
• China's Famous Historical and Cultural Villages: Zengjia Village in Erkou Township, Guixi City

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Ripples swirl within, eagles dance above.

Yuehu District

Guixi City

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