Foshan (佛山)

1. Introduction

Foshan City (official transliteration: Foshan, postal romanization: Fatshan), abbreviated as Chan or Fo, is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. Located in the southern part of Guangdong, it is one of the cities encompassed by the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and is currently classified as a megacity. The city borders Guangzhou to the east, Qingyuan to the north, Zhaoqing and Yunfu to the west, and Jiangmen and Zhongshan to the south. Situated in the heart of the Pearl River Delta, the area west of the West River is characterized by low mountains and hills, while the area east of the West River is part of the Pearl River Delta plain. The West River and North River, along with their tributaries from the Pearl River system, flow through the entire territory. The West River and North River connect at Sixianjiao in Sanshui District. The Municipal People's Government is located at No. 14 Lingnan Avenue, Chancheng District.

Foshan is a key node city in the Pearl River–West River Economic Belt, the Guangzhou-Foshan-Zhaoqing Economic Circle, and the Guangzhou Metropolitan Area. It is one of the most developed regions for the private economy in China and holds a leading position in Guangdong's economic development. With a mild climate and abundant rainfall, Foshan has long been a prosperous land of fish and rice. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Foshan Town, together with Hankou Town in Hubei, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi, and Zhuxian Town in Henan, was known as one of the "Four Famous Towns." Today, it is recognized as a National Historical and Cultural City. Foshan is also a renowned hometown for overseas Chinese, with approximately 1.4 million compatriots residing abroad.

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2. History

• The discovery of late Neolithic artifacts dating back four to five thousand years at the Lanshi Hedangxu site in Foshan proves that Foshan has a long history.
• Foshan was anciently known as Jihua Township. In the second year of the Long'an era of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (398 AD), the Tripitaka Master Dapiyeshe from Jibin (present-day Kashmir) brought two bronze statues to Jihua Township and built a Buddhist temple on Tapo Hill (now Tapo Street) to spread Buddhism. After Dapiyeshe left, the temple eventually collapsed over time.
• It was not until the second year of the Zhenguan era of the Tang Dynasty (628 AD) that a sudden radiance shone from Tapo Hill one day. The villagers gathered and excavated three bronze Buddha statues from the hill. Upon moving the statues, they discovered a clear spring gushing forth. The villagers then built a well to draw water and reconstructed the Tapo Temple on the hill to enshrine the three bronze Buddha statues. Hence, there is a saying: "Before Foshan, there was Tapo." Thereafter, as people believed this place to be a mountain of Buddhism, it was named "Foshan" (Buddha Mountain). Foshan subsequently became a religious center in the Pearl River Delta and was also known as "Chancheng" (Zen City), which is now the name of Foshan's main urban area.
• During the Yuanfeng period of the Song Dynasty, the baojia system was implemented, dividing townships into du and bao, with Foshan Bao being the foremost in Jihua Township.
• In the 14th year of the Zhengtong era of the Ming Dynasty (1449), local gentry such as Liang Guang from Foshan organized a local militia called the "Zhongyi Camp" to suppress the Huang Xiaoyang peasant uprising. Later, the Ming Dynasty conferred the title of "Zhongyi Official" upon Liang Guang and others and designated Foshan as the "Zhongyi Township."
• During the Chenghua and Hongzhi eras of the Ming Dynasty, due to the flourishing industry and commerce, Foshan developed into a major town in Lingnan where merchants gathered. Foshan Town thus became one of China's "Four Great Ancient Towns," alongside Hankou Town in Hubei, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi, and Zhuxian Town in Henan.
• In the 11th year of the Yongzheng era of the Qing Dynasty (1733), Foshan was separated from Nanhai County and established as the "Foshan Directly Administered Subprefecture." In the 12th year of the Yongzheng era, it was changed to the Guangzhou Prefecture Tongzhi stationed in Foshan, becoming the Guangzhou Prefecture Foshan Branch, though administratively it still belonged to Nanhai County.
• During the Xianfeng era, the Taiping Army led by Li Wenmao, based in Foshan, besieged Guangzhou for six months but failed to capture it. They were defeated by Wei Zuobang, Shen Lihui, and militia leader Xie Xiaozhuang under Ye Mingchen. The Qing forces counterattacked, and Foshan fell. Tens of thousands of Li Wenmao's troops perished, and 200,000 innocent civilians were brutally massacred.
• In the first year of the Republic of China, Foshan was officially established as a town, and the Nanhai County government also moved from Guangzhou to Foshan. In 1925, the Nationalist Government separated Foshan from Nanhai County and established Foshan City (with expanded town-level authority). In 1927, the Foshan City establishment was abolished, and it was re-designated as a town under Nanhai County. In 1941, the Foshan Special District was established, governing Foshan, Fufu, and Fenwen towns. In 1946, the three towns of Foshan were merged and reorganized into Foshan Town.
• On October 31, 1949, Foshan City was established from Nanhai County.
• On July 1, 1950, Foshan was downgraded from a city to a town and returned to the jurisdiction of Nanhai County.
• On June 26, 1951, Foshan Town was elevated to Foshan City.
• In 1951, the Zhujiang Commissioner's Office moved from Zhongshan County to Foshan City.
• In 1954, Shiwan Town of Nanhai County was transferred to Foshan City.
• In 1955, the Central Guangdong Administrative Office moved from Jiangmen City to Foshan City.
• On March 1, 1956, the Central Guangdong Administrative Region was abolished, and the Foshan Prefecture was established.
• From November 1958 to January 1959, Foshan Prefecture was renamed Guangzhou Prefecture.
• In 1966, Foshan City was elevated to a province-administered city.
• In 1970, Foshan Prefecture was renamed Foshan Region, and Foshan City became a county-level city.
• On June 1, 1983, Foshan Region was abolished, and Foshan City was merged with Foshan Region, administering Zhongshan County, Nanhai County, Shunde County, Sanshui County, and Gaoming County.
• On December 22, 1983, the State Council approved the abolition of Zhongshan County and the establishment of Zhongshan City.
• On January 7, 1988, Zhongshan City was upgraded to a prefecture-level city.
• On March 26, 1992, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved the abolition of Shunde County and the establishment of Shunde City.
• On September 2, 1992, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved the abolition of Nanhai County and the establishment of Nanhai City.
• On March 29, 1993, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved the abolition of Sanshui County and the establishment of Sanshui City.
• On April 18, 1994, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved the abolition of Gaoming County and the establishment of Gaoming City.
• In January 2003, the original Foshan Urban District and Shiwan District, as well as the county-level cities of Nanhai, Shunde, Sanshui, and Gaoming, were abolished. Five districts were established: Foshan Chancheng District, Nanhai District, Shunde District, Sanshui District, and Gaoming District.
• On February 11, 2011, Guangdong Province officially issued a document designating Shunde District as the first pilot county directly administered by the province in Guangdong.

3. Geography

Foshan City is located in the central-southern part of Guangdong Province, China, situated in the heart of the Pearl River Delta. The terrain is flat, with a crisscrossing network of rivers and fertile soil. It borders Guangzhou to the east and is adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao to the south, giving it a superior geographical location. Due to its proximity to the sea, Foshan enjoys a mild climate, characterized by warmth, abundant rainfall, and year-round greenery. Since ancient times, it has been a prosperous land of fish and rice. It falls under a subtropical monsoon climate, with an average annual precipitation of 1,490.6 mm and an average annual temperature of 22.1°C. The low mountains and hills are predominantly developed with red soil and lateritic red soil, with a small amount of yellow soil, while the plains consist of paddy soil and alluvial soil. Natural resources mainly include pottery clay, glass sand, rare metals, as well as rice, sugarcane, a wide variety of fruits, flowers, and river aquatic resources. The West River and North River of the Pearl River system, along with their tributaries, traverse the entire area.

| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | |-------------------------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|------------| | Record high °C | 26.7 | 27.1 | 30.7 | 32.7 | 35.6 | 37.1 | 38.5 | 38.5 | 37.8 | 34.2 | 30.6 | 28.8 | 38.5 | | Record high °F | 80.1 | 80.8 | 87.3 | 90.9 | 96.1 | 98.8 | 101.3 | 101.3 | 100.0 | 93.6 | 87.1 | 83.8 | 101.3 | | Average high °C | 17.9 | 18.5 | 20.8 | 25.1 | 29.2 | 31.5 | 32.9 | 33.2 | 31.5 | 28.6 | 24.0 | 19.8 | 26.1 | | Average high °F | 64.2 | 65.3 | 69.4 | 77.2 | 84.6 | 88.7 | 91.2 | 91.8 | 88.7 | 83.5 | 75.2 | 67.6 | 79.0 | | Daily mean °C | 13.8 | 14.3 | 17.6 | 21.9 | 25.7 | 28.0 | 29.1 | 29.2 | 27.6 | 24.6 | 19.6 | 15.0 | 22.2 | | Daily mean °F | 56.8 | 57.7 | 63.7 | 71.4 | 78.3 | 82.4 | 84.4 | 84.6 | 81.7 | 76.3 | 67.3 | 59.0 | 72.0 | | Average low °C | 10.8 | 11.9 | 15.2 | 19.5 | 23.0 | 25.3 | 26.1 | 26.3 | 24.6 | 21.4 | 16.3 | 11.4 | 19.3 | | Average low °F | 51.4 | 53.4 | 59.4 | 67.1 | 73.4 | 77.5 | 79.0 | 79.3 | 76.3 | 70.5 | 61.3 | 52.5 | 66.8 | | Record low °C | 2.0 | 2.3 | 3.4 | 10.5 | 14.9 | 18.7 | 22.8 | 23.3 | 19.6 | 10.7 | 4.4 | 3.1 | 2.0 | | Record low °F | 35.6 | 36.1 | 38.1 | 50.9 | 58.8 | 65.7 | 73.0 | 73.9 | 67.3 | 51.3 | 39.9 | 37.6 | 35.6 | | Average precipitation mm | 45.7 | 65.2 | 92.4 | 166.4 | 245.1 | 273.7 | 228.4 | 229.9 | 196.7 | 68.1 | 37.7 | 28.0 | 1,677.3 | | Average precipitation inches | 1.80 | 2.57 | 3.64 | 6.55 | 9.65 | 10.78 | 8.99 | 9.05 | 7.74 | 2.68 | 1.48 | 1.10 | 66.03 | | Average relative humidity (%) | 74 | 82 | 84 | 85 | 84 | 83 | 81 | 79 | 79 | 75 | 71 | 66 | 79 |

4. Administrative Divisions

Foshan City currently administers 5 municipal districts: Chancheng District, Shunde District, Nanhai District, Sanshui District, and Gaoming District.

Foshan is adjacent to Guangzhou, and its economy, people's livelihoods, and other aspects are influenced by Guangzhou's radiating effect. The Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area is gradually taking shape. | Division Code | Division Name | Chinese Pinyin | Area (km²) | Resident Population (2020 Census) | Government Seat | Postal Code | Subdistricts | Towns | |-------------------|---------------------|----------------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------|-----------------|------------------|-----------| | 440600 | Foshan City | Fóshān Shì | 3,797.72 | 9,498,863 | Chancheng District | 528000 | 11 | 21 | | 440604 | Chancheng District | Chánchéng Qū | 154.10 | 1,330,262 | Shiwan Town Subdistrict | 528000 | 3 | 1 | | 440605 | Nanhai District | Nánhǎi Qū | 1,071.55 | 3,667,247 | Guicheng Subdistrict | 528200 | 1 | 6 | | 440606 | Shunde District | Shùndé Qū | 806.57 | 3,229,090 | Daliang Subdistrict | 528300 | 4 | 6 | | 440607 | Sanshui District| Sānshuǐ Qū | 827.69 | 803,226 | Xinan Subdistrict | 528100 | 2 | 5 | | 440608 | Gaoming District| Gāomíng Qū | 937.81 | 469,038 | Hecheng Subdistrict | 528500 | 1 | 3 |

5. Economy

Foshan is a significant manufacturing base in China and globally, as well as one of the most developed regions for the private economy nationwide. In 2019, the city's GDP exceeded one trillion yuan, making it the 17th city in China and the 3rd in Guangdong Province to surpass the trillion-yuan GDP milestone. Foshan boasts a comprehensive industrial system covering nearly all manufacturing sectors, with output scales in industries such as household appliances, metal products, ceramic building materials, textiles and apparel, and furniture manufacturing ranking first in the province. The eight major industries that Foshan focuses on cultivating are equipment manufacturing, pan-home furnishing, automotive and new energy, civil-military integration and electronic information, intelligent manufacturing equipment and robotics, new materials, food and beverages, and biomedicine and healthcare. Among these, since 2009, the machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, which produces "mother machines" for industry, has become Foshan's largest pillar industry. A distinctive feature of Foshan's economy is its large number of specialized towns renowned both domestically and internationally. As the prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province with the highest number of provincial-level specialized towns, Foshan's specialized towns contribute over 80% to its total economic output.

5.1 Renowned Enterprises and Brands

Well-known enterprises in Foshan include:

• Foshan Plastics Group (plastic products)
• Foshan Lighting (lighting equipment)
• Haitian Flavouring & Food (condiments)
• Dongpeng Ceramics (ceramics)
• Kelon Electrical Appliances (home appliances)
• Midea Group (conglomerate)
• Galanz (home appliances)
• Chigo Air Conditioning (home appliances)
• Guangdong Macro (home appliances)
• Jianlibao (beverages)
• Country Garden (real estate)
• Nenking Group (real estate)
• Peacock Records (talent agency) The origins of these renowned brands are predominantly in the districts of Shunde and Nanhai, which account for over half of all "specialized towns."

6. Transportation

6.1 Railway

Guangmao Railway. The two high-speed railways, the Nanning-Guangzhou Railway and the Guiyang-Guangzhou Passenger Dedicated Line, run parallel within the city and were completed and put into operation in December 2014. The Zhuhai-Zhaoqing High-Speed Railway is about to run parallel within the city. Foshan West Railway Station is one of the hubs for intercity high-speed trains (through trains) to Hong Kong. The Guangzhou-Zhuhai Intercity Railway runs north-south through the eastern part of the city, providing a convenient option for passengers from Foshan to travel to Zhuhai and Macau.

6.2 Highway

• National Highways: G105, G240, G321, G324, G325, G359;
• Expressways: S5 Guangtai Expressway, S8 Guangfozhao Expressway, S15 Guangfo Expressway, S16 Foqingcong Expressway, S43 Guangzhu West Line Expressway, S47 Guangfojiangzhu Expressway, S81 Guangzhou Ring Expressway, S82 Foshan First Ring Expressway, G15 Shenhai Expressway, G1508 Guangzhou Bypass Expressway, G55 Erguang Expressway, G80 Guangkun Expressway, G9411 Guanfo Expressway

6.3 Waterway

The area features a dense water network, with 1,636 kilometers of navigable waterways and 24 foreign trade ports.

6.4 Aviation

Foshan Shadi Airport, serving both military and civilian purposes, operates scheduled weekly flights to and from Beijing Daxing International Airport.

The planned Pearl River Delta Hub Airport, intended as the second airport for the Guangzhou-Foshan region, will be located in Genghe Town, Gaoming District.

6.5 Urban Rail Transit

Foshan's first metro line is the Guangfo Metro. Subsequently, plans for Metro Lines 2 and 3 were also approved by the State Council, with the first phases completed and opened in 2022. Other lines are under construction or in the planning and approval stages.

• The Guangfo Metro was originally planned for construction in 2002 and opening in 2006 but was delayed to 2007 due to funding issues. The section from Kuiqi Road to Xilang opened in 2010. The southern section (Kuiqi Road Station to Xincheng East Station) opened on December 28, 2016. The eastern section, facing demolition issues, saw the Xilang to Yangang segment open first on December 28, 2015, while the Yangang to Lijiao segment was delayed until December 28, 2018.
• Foshan Metro Line 2 began construction in June 2014. The section from Guangzhou South Railway Station to Nanzhuang opened on December 28, 2021. Phase 2 will extend to Gaoming District.
• Foshan Metro Line 3 began construction in 2016. The first phase from Shunde College to Zhen'an opened on December 28, 2022. The later southern section from Zhen'an to Zhongshan Park and the northern section from Lianhe to Foshan University opened on August 23, 2024.
• The western extension of Guangzhou Metro Line 7 has 7 stations within Shunde District, Foshan, and opened on May 1, 2022.

Additionally, there are several light rail lines within the city.

• The Gaoming District Modern Tram Demonstration Line opened on December 30, 2019. It is the world's first commercial hydrogen-powered tram line and currently operates independently from the Guangfo Metro network. A transfer station is planned with Foshan Metro Line 2 Phase 2.
• Nanhai Tram Line 1 opened its first phase on August 18, 2021. It is the first tram system in mainland China with independent right-of-way and offers transfers to Foshan Metro Line 2 and the Guangfo Line.

6.6 Public Bus

The main public bus companies in the city are Yueyun Bus, Foguang Transportation, Shunde Bus, Xinxieli Bus, Hengtong Company, Hongyun Bus, Hongming Bus, Guangming Bus, Sanshui Yunfa Bus, and Guohong Bus. Fares range from 2 to 16 yuan.

Within Foshan, the Guangdong province-wide interoperable Lingnan Tong card can be used, as well as local transportation cards (Guangfo Tong, Yangcheng Tong). The national transportation card for interconnectivity can also be used.

The current usage scope of Foshan's Guangfo Tong card is as follows:

1. Buses in Chancheng, Nanhai, Shunde, Sanshui, Gaoming; Foshan City Buses; special line buses from Nanhai to Guangzhou; Guangfo Express Buses.
2. Designated public telephones in Chancheng District and Nanhai District, Foshan.
3. Covers all application areas of Guangzhou's Yangcheng Tong system, including Guangzhou's public buses, metro, taxis, parking lots, supermarkets, convenience stores, wet markets, etc.
4. Cinema: Nanhai Grand Theatre (enjoy a 10% discount on ticket prices).

Current Discounts:

• Riding bus routes in Chancheng District and Nanhai District (routes starting with "1" or "G", and town buses) enjoy a 30% discount. Transfers within 60 minutes enjoy a 65% discount (except for Chancheng routes starting with "K" and Nanhai routes starting with "2").
• Riding Nanhai buses (routes starting with "2") enjoy a 30% discount, no transfer discount.
• Riding Shunde buses enjoy a 20% discount, no transfer discount.
• Riding buses within the city equipped with electronic payment devices enjoy a 5% discount (Foshan City Buses, Gaoming buses, Sanshui buses).

6.7 Taxi

There are multiple taxi companies in the city, mainly including Foqi Group Company, Shun'anda, Xinxieli, Foguang Transportation, Fotie Group, etc. The pricing is standardized: flag fall of 8 yuan for the first 2 kilometers, then 2.8 yuan per kilometer within 12 kilometers, and 4.2 yuan per kilometer beyond 12 kilometers.

7. Education

7.1 Development Status

As of 2011, the city had a total of 1,448 schools of various types and levels, including 3 regular higher education institutions, 6 adult higher education institutions, 52 secondary vocational schools (including 7 provincial secondary vocational schools), 53 regular high schools, 125 junior high schools, 423 primary schools, 782 kindergartens, and 4 special education schools. The city had 94 private primary and secondary schools (including vocational schools) and 441 private kindergartens; there were also 285 adult cultural and technical schools and non-academic education and training institutions. The total student enrollment across all types and levels of schools reached 1.15 million. The city had a total of 81,000 faculty and staff, including 61,000 full-time teachers.

7.2 Schools

7.2.1 Primary Schools

Well-known primary schools in Foshan include: Nanguang Chinese-English Primary School, Yanfeng Primary School, Dali Experimental Primary School, Dali Central Primary School, Chengyuan Primary School, Shimen Experimental Primary School, Foshan No. 9 Primary School, Foshan No. 1 Primary School, Yuanjia School, Rose Primary School, Huijing Primary School, Tongji Primary School, Hongye Primary School, Chengnan Primary School, Guanhua School, Baiyan Primary School, Jianshe Primary School, Renmin Road Primary School, Shiwan No. 1 Primary School, Tiejun Primary School, Guiyuan Primary School, among others.

7.2.2 Middle Schools

Major middle schools in Foshan include: Foshan No. 1 Middle School, Foshan Senior High School, Foshan Jihua Middle School, Shimen Middle School, Shunde No. 1 Middle School, Guohua Memorial Middle School, Nanhai Middle School, Foshan No. 3 Middle School, Guicheng Middle School, Shunde Li Zhaoji Middle School, Shunde Zheng Yutong Middle School, Sanshui Middle School, Nanhai No. 1 Middle School, Dali Senior High School, Foshan No. 2 Middle School, Rongshan Middle School, Foshan No. 4 Middle School, Foshan No. 6 Middle School, Nanzhuang Middle School, Fenjiang Middle School, Foshan No. 10 Middle School, Foshan No. 11 Middle School, Jiujiang Middle School, Huangqi Senior High School, Guihua Middle School, Foshan Chancheng Experimental Senior High School, Foshan Experimental Middle School, Gaoming Memorial Middle School, Shunde Overseas Chinese Middle School, Nanhai Art High School, Shunde Luodingbang Middle School, Huijing Middle School, Foshan Experimental School Middle School Division, Nanhai Zhixin Middle School, South China Normal University Affiliated Nanhai Experimental Senior High School, Shishan Shimen Senior High School, Nanhai Experimental Middle School, Foshan Huaying School, Shimen Experimental School, among others.

7.2.3 Universities

Foshan's only municipal comprehensive undergraduate university: Foshan University

Other higher education institutions in Foshan: Shunde Polytechnic, Guangdong Dance and Drama Vocational College, Guangdong Textile Vocational Technical College, Foshan Polytechnic, Guangdong Neusoft University, etc.

Universities with branch campuses in Foshan: Southern Medical University Shunde Campus, South China Normal University Nanhai Campus, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics Sanshui Campus, Guangdong Light Industry Vocational Technical College Nanhai Campus, Beijing Foreign Studies University Foshan Graduate School

On March 5, 2020, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Foshan) project was included in the Guangdong Provincial Key Construction Preliminary Preparatory Project Plan.

8. Population

According to the Seventh National Population Census in 2020, the city's resident population was 9,498,863. Compared with the 7,197,394 people from the Sixth National Population Census, there was an increase of 2,301,469 people over the past ten years, representing a growth of 31.98%, with an average annual growth rate of 2.81%. Among them, the male population was 5,163,849, accounting for 54.36% of the total population; the female population was 4,335,014, accounting for 45.64% of the total population. The overall sex ratio (with females as 100) was 119.12. The population aged 0–14 was 1,434,700, accounting for 15.1% of the total population; the population aged 15–59 was 7,064,523, accounting for 74.37% of the total population; the population aged 60 and above was 999,640, accounting for 10.52% of the total population, of which the population aged 65 and above was 698,409, accounting for 7.35% of the total population. The population residing in urban areas was 9,042,509, accounting for 95.2% of the total population; the population residing in rural areas was 456,354, accounting for 4.8% of the total population.

8.1 Ethnic Groups

Among the city's resident population, the Han ethnic group population was 9,006,581, accounting for 94.82%; the population of various ethnic minorities was 492,282, accounting for 5.18%. Compared with the Sixth National Population Census in 2010, the Han ethnic group population increased by 2,069,132 people, a growth of 29.83%, with its proportion of the total population decreasing by 1.57 percentage points; the population of various ethnic minorities increased by 232,337 people, a growth of 89.38%, with its proportion of the total population increasing by 1.57 percentage points.

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9. Culture

Foshan is the birthplace of Cantonese opera in China and is also renowned as a city of sports, with its Wing Chun, dragon boat racing, and lion dance activities enjoying high reputations both domestically and internationally. Foshan preserves many traditional Lingnan cultural practices, such as paper-cutting, pottery, woodblock New Year paintings, and lion dance arts.

9.1 Tourist Attractions

9.1.1 National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units

• Foshan Ancestral Temple
• Kang Youwei's Former Residence
• Donghuali Ancient Architectural Complex
• Nanfeng Ancient Kiln
• Guyue Shell Mound Site
• Qinghui Garden
• Early Buildings of Shunde Sugar Factory

9.2.2 Foshan's New Eight Scenic Spots

• Xiqiao Mountain
• Sanshui Lotus World
• Chencun Flower World
• Zaomu Mountain
• Nanguo Peach Garden
• Foshan Ancestral Temple
• Shunde Qinghui Garden
• Nanfeng Ancient Kiln

9.2.3 World Heritage Irrigation Structures

• Foshan Sangyuanwei (Mulberry Garden Embankment)

9.2.4 Others

Other well-known tourist attractions in Foshan include:

• Tongji Bridge
• Lingnan Tiandi
• Liang Garden
• Renshou Temple
• Foshan Amusement Park
• Zhongshan Park
• Foshan New City
• Thousand Lantern Lake
• Asian Art Park
• Changlu Farmstead
• Nanguo Peach Garden
• Nanhai Film and Television City
• Shiwan Pottery Street
• Florentia Village
• Sanshui Lotus World
• Nanhai Financial High-Tech Zone
• Qionghua Grand Theatre
• Foshan Library
• Louvre International Furniture Expo Center
• Poly Waterfront City

9.2.5 Local Specialties

Local specialties include Blind Man's Cake, Shiwan Ceramics, Shiwan Figurines, Xianglan Mooncake, Zhuhou Sauce, Xiqiao Big Cake, Jiujiang Shuangzheng (Double-Distilled Liquor), Jiujiang Jian Dui (Fried Sesame Balls), Lecong Fish Tofu, Double-Skin Milk, Daliang Stir-Fried Fresh Milk, Clam Sauce Dace Balls, Zhuhou Chicken, Raw Fish Salad, Fish Soup, Fermented Bean Curd Peanuts, Daliang Milk Curd, Chencun Rice Noodles, Ginger Milk Curd, Fried Sweet Potato Cake, Lun Jiao Cake, Longjiang Fried Sesame Balls, Daliang Bengsha (Crispy Snack), Foshan Autumn Harvest Handicrafts, etc.

10. Sister Cities

• Itami, Japan
• Port Louis, Capital of Mauritius
• Stockton, USA
• Aix-en-Provence, France
• La Possession, Réunion, France
• Townsville, Australia
• St. George's, Grenada, UK
• Reno, USA

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Legend has it that during the Tang Dynasty, villagers unearthed three bronze Buddha statues at Tapo Hill, hence the name Foshan.

Chancheng District

Nansha District

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Magnolia tree

Magnolia